NIH R01 · 2024
Viral and host determinants of donor-specific anti-HIV/SIV immunity mediated by APOBEC3-enzyme
PROJECT SUMMARY Human APOBEC3 enzymes, particularly APOBEC3D, APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G, and stable haplotypes of APOBEC3H, can induce G>A mutations in the HIV-1 genome. Often, these mutations, particularly those inflicted by APOBEC3G, which is a potent anti-HIV enzyme, generate stop codons and lead to HIV-1 inactivation. Studies have shown that APOBEC3 enzymes can also induce sub-lethal levels of mutations that lead to HIV-1 diversification and drug resistance. Mutations inflicted by different variants of APOBEC3 enzymes vary substantially in terms of both their extent and sequence context. For example, APOBEC3H haplotype II often induces many G>A mutations. By contrast, APOBEC3H haplotype I…
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