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NIH R01 · 2025

Sensitive periods for interneuron development supporting cognitive flexibility

Cognitive flexibility is a core component of executive functioning that is impaired in a range of neuropsychiatric disorders. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) supports cognitive flexibility in the adult, and alterations in prefrontal function likely contribute to impairments in this cognitive process. Cognitive flexibility, like other aspects of executive functioning, develops slowly across postnatal development. Developmental refinement of prefrontal circuitry and function is theorized to underlie the protracted acquisition of cognitive abilities, and abnormalities in this refinement may contribute to deficits in prefrontal circuitry and function in the context of psychiatric disorders. While…

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