Birnbaum Lab

University of Minnesota

PHARMACOLOGY

Minneapolis · United States

NIH-funded
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NIH R01 · 2025

Physiological-based Pharmacokinetics Approach to Determine the Extent of Drug Exposure of Antiseizure Medications During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

ABSTRACT Antiseizure medications are one of the most commonly prescribed teratogens. In pregnant women with epilepsy, continuation of antiseizure medications and dose increases are often necessary to prevent seizure worsening, but need to be balanced against the fetal risks of in utero exposure, such as congenital malformations and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Additionally, breastfeeding introduces another route of drug exposure to the infant and can affect child development. Although measurement of drug concentration in plasma is thought to reflect drug concentrations at the site of action in the mother, it is more difficult to translate the overall exposure to the fetus or…

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